世界各国装病请假率的调查报告

世界各国装病请假率的调查报告

　　全球最大劳动力管理解决方案商克罗诺思公司最近的一项调查显示，中国和印度的员工更易以生病为借口请假翘班，而法国的员工则很少会这样做。

　　调查称中国员工装病请假率最高

　　China's workers most likely to call in "sick": survey

　　全球最大劳动力管理解决方案商克罗诺思公司最近的一项调查显示，中国和印度的员工更易以生病为借口请假翘班，而法国的员工则很少会这样做。这项调查是由克罗诺思公司下属的劳动力研究院委托哈里斯互动调查公司进行的。今年7月，他们就是否装病请假的问题在线访问了约9500名来自澳大利亚，加拿大，中国，法国，印度，墨西哥，英国和美国的全职和兼职员工。结果显示，中国有71％的员工都表示曾经装病请假，名列榜首；印度的员工紧随其后，装病请假率为62％；而法国只有17％的员工曾经这样做。调查分析指出，装病请假率与本国的带薪假期多少有直接的关系。例如，法国是全世界年假最多的国家之一，每年的带薪年假至少有30天；而中国和印度的年假仅有10天左右。

　　Chinese and Indian workers are more likely to skip off work under the false pretence of illness than their French and Mexican counterparts, a new study showed.

　　The Kronos Global Absence survey conducted online in July and released this week found that respondents from countries where there is more paid leave for employees were much less likely to cry off work with an invented illness than those from countries with fewer holiday allowances.

　　The Harris Interactive poll commissioned by The Workforce Institute asked some 9,500 respondents, about two-thirds of whom were currently employed either full- or part-time, whether they had ever called in sick when they were not actually sick.

　　Nearly three-quarters, or 71 percent, of respondents in China said they had, followed by India with 62 percent.

　　But only 16 percent of workers in France said they had done so. In Mexico, 38 percent had.

　　In between were workers in the United States and Canada, where just over half had. Australia was higher at 58 percent, and Britain lower with 43 percent.

　　Joyce Maroney, the director of the Workforce Institute, a think tank established by the workforce management solution company Kronos Inc., called the results fascinating.

　　Maroney noted that France has been among the world's leading countries in state-mandated annual leave, with annual holiday allowance minimums coming in at 30 days per year.

　　"Contrast this with India and China, two of the three countries with the lowest holiday allowance minimums, with India only requiring their employees to take 12 days of annual holiday allowance, and China requiring 10," Maroney said.

　　"One could surmise that in those countries where more paid time off is given, people are less compelled to call in sick when they are not actually sick."

　　Far more consistent were the reasons given for staging a personal sick day, with feeling stressed and needing a day off the top response by an overwhelming margin. Sick children and insufficient sick leave were also cited by many.

　　And just what do workers do with this coveted time off? In most of the eight regions surveyed, the top responses were staying home and watching television, and staying in bed.

　　In India and Mexico, however, folks seemingly prefer socializing to sleep. While watching the tube was a top choice, meeting up with friends or relatives trumped more time in bed.

　　Workers were also asked what employers could do to cut down on such absenteeism, and unfailingly suggested flexible hours as the solution.

　　Perhaps not surprisingly, nearly half of respondents in China also said more paid time off would help.

　　French respondents preferred summer Fridays off and were willing to make up the time during the week.

　　苹果新任CEO库克致员工公开信

　　据国外媒体报道，苹果新任CEO提姆-库克（Tim Cook）向全体苹果员工发了一封公开信。在信中，库克说，他与“乔布斯一样对于苹果的光明未来充满了乐观”，而且苹果将会继续“保持它现有的独特地位”。

　　苹果新任CEO库克致员工公开信

　　New CEO Tim Cook's letter to Apple employees

　　据国外媒体报道，苹果新任CEO提姆-库克（Tim Cook）向全体苹果员工发了一封公开信。在信中，库克说，他与“乔布斯一样对于苹果的光明未来充满了乐观”，而且苹果将会继续“保持它现有的独特地位”。

　　One day after Steve Jobs sent Apple's board his resignation letter, new CEO Tim Cook sent his own missive to Apple's employees.

　　Team:

　　大家好，

　　I am looking forward to the amazing opportunity of serving as CEO of the most innovative company in the world. Joining Apple was the best decision I've ever made and it's been the privilege of a lifetime to work for Apple and Steve for over 13 years. I share Steve's optimism for Apple's bright future.

　　我十分期待担任苹果这家全球最具创新意识企业的CEO的机会，加盟苹果是我做出的最正确的决定。能为苹果和乔布斯工作13年是我一生的荣耀。我和乔布斯一样，对苹果美好的未来充满信心。

　　Steve has been an incredible leader and mentor to me, as well as to the entire executive team and our amazing employees. We are really looking forward to Steve's ongoing guidance and inspiration as our Chairman.

　　乔布斯是一位非凡的领袖，也是我和整个管理团队，以及苹果员工的导师。我们衷心的希望乔布斯作为董事长来继续指导和鼓励我们。

　　I want you to be confident that Apple is not going to change. I cherish and celebrate Apple's unique principles and values. Steve built a company and culture that is unlike any other in the world and we are going to stay true to that -- it is in our DNA. We are going to continue to make the best products in the world that delight our customers and make our employees incredibly proud of what they do.

　　我希望大家相信，苹果不会发生重大变化。我珍惜并支持苹果独一无二的法则和价值。乔布斯所打造出的这家企业和企业文化与世界上任何一家企业都不同，并且已经深入我们的DNA， 我们将继续坚持。我们将继续提供全世界最好的产品，满足用户的需求，并且让员工为我们所做的感到无与伦比的自豪。

　　I love Apple and I am looking forward to diving into my new role. All of the incredible support from the Board, the executive team and many of you has been inspiring. I am confident our best years lie ahead of us and that together we will continue to make Apple the magical place that it is.

　　Tim

　　我热爱苹果，我期望履行我的新职责。来自董事会、管理团队和大家的鼎立支持让我倍受鼓舞，我相信我们的前途更加美好，我们会继续让苹果成为神奇之地。

　　英1/4老板会打扰员工休假

　　一项新报告称，1/4的经理认为在员工休假时打电话给他们没什么大不了的。

　　英1/4老板会打扰员工休假

　　One in four bosses thinks it's acceptable to phone employees on holiday

　　One in four managers thinks it's OK to call their workers while they're on holiday, according to a new report.

　　一项新报告称，1/4的经理认为在员工休假时打电话给他们没什么大不了的。

　　A study of 2,000 employers and employees revealed millions of staff should be prepared a call from the boss this summer - unless they are as far away as the Maldives or the Caribbean.

　　一项涵盖了2000位雇主和员工的研究显示，今年夏天英国上百万员工要随时准备好接老板的电话，除非他们远在马尔代夫或加勒比海岛。

　　The report found that the majority of bosses would be happy to disturb an employee's holiday within the EU, adopting the attitude of 'he's only in France, give him a call'.

　　这份报告指出，如果员工在欧洲度假，大多数老板都很乐于打扰他们，老板们所持的态度是，他不过就在法国，尽管打电话给他吧。

　　It also emerged one in three bosses reckon staff should 'expect' to be called on holiday if they haven't tied up loose ends at work before flying.

　　研究还发现，1/3的老板们认为，如果员工在去旅行前没有做好扫尾工作，他们就该料到休假时老板会打电话来。

　　Additionally, more than one in ten managers think staff who have a company mobile phone should always take calls on holiday.

　　此外，超过1/10的经理们认为那些配有公司移动电话的员工在假期时也应该总是接听老板打来的电话。

　　Greg Dawson, Director of Corporate Communications for Virgin Atlantic, which commissioned the report, said: 'Most people hate being disturbed whilst on holiday.

　　委托开展这项研究的英国维珍航空公司的企业沟通部主任格雷格道森说：“大部分人对于休假时被打扰都很反感。

　　'If you are on the beach or by the pool relaxing with your friends and family and your boss rings it can fill you with dread.

　　“如果你正在海滩或池边与你的家人朋友放松，这时你的老板电话来了，这多可怕。

　　'Whether you are contactable on holiday depends hugely on your job and your role within the company.

　　“假期时老板会不会联系你很大程度上取决于你的工作性质和你在公司里的角色。

　　'This poll has revealed the further away you travel the least likely you are to get harassed by irate managers, so it pays to venture far afield.'

　　“这一调查表明，你旅行的地方越远，你就越不可能被怒气冲冲的经理骚扰到。所以走得远点，值！”

　　The study also found four out of ten managers are much more likely to ring an employee if they have not travelled too far away. Holidaying in Devon, the Lake District or Cornwall means you can expect a call whereas very few bosses would disturb a holiday in New Zealand, the Caribbean or Thailand.

　　该研究还发现，如果员工旅行的地方不是很远，10个经理中有4个会打电话给他们。你要是在德文郡、湖区或康沃尔郡旅行的话，你就等着老板打你电话吧。但如果你跑到了新西兰、加勒比海岛或泰国，那么一般来说老板就不会打扰你的假期。http://www.24en.com 爱思英语网

　　14 percent of employers have even telephoned a worker to reprimand them whilst they are away on annual leave. Nearly a quarter of adults (23 percent) said they feel they don't get paid enough to justify having their holiday disturbed by their employer.

　　14%的雇主们甚至会在员工休年假的时候打电话给他们一顿臭骂。将近四分之一（23%）的成人说他们觉得以目前的薪水而言他们不该在休假时被老板打扰。

　　But it seems Brits don't help themselves, with the typical holidaymaker checking their phone up to 12 times a day, mainly out of habit than necessity. In a typical two-week holiday, the average adult sends nine work-related texts or emails.

　　不过英国的员工们似乎自己也不放过自己。英国度假者们平均一天要查看手机12次，主要是习惯使然，而非必须。英国员工的假期一般为期两周，在这两周内他们平均会发送9条与工作有关的短信或电邮。

　　英七成职员称自己被上司欺负

　　一项新研究发现，英国人在职场上所受的欺凌是全世界最多的，多达七成的英国人曾经被上司或同事刁难。

　　英七成职员称自己被上司欺负

　　Seven out of 10 UK workers say they are bullied by their bosses

　　Brits are among the most bullied workers in the world - with a staggering seven in ten having been picked on by bosses or colleagues, a new study found

　　一项新研究发现，英国人在职场上所受的欺凌是全世界最多的，多达七成的英国人曾经被上司或同事刁难。

　　More than a third, 36 per cent, have been driven to tears by cruel jibes, while 10 per cent have been physically attacked.

　　超过三分之一（36%）的英国职员曾经被残忍的讥讽弄哭，10%的人曾经受到过人身攻击。

　　A quarter claim they have been bullied so badly it has affected their performance at work. In total, 71 per cent of the British workforce has been bullied.

　　四分之一的英国职员称自己曾经受到非常严重的欺辱，以至于影响到他们在工作上的表现。总体来看，71%的英国劳动力都曾受到过欺凌。

　　A further 12 per cent say they have not been bullied themselves but have 'seen it happen to others', the study found. Sadly, that leaves just one in six completely unaffected by bullying.

　　另外，研究发现，有12%的英国职员说自己没被刁难过，不过曾经“看过他人受欺负”。这样一来，令人遗憾的是，只有六分之一的英国人完全没受到职场欺凌行为的影响。

　　Recruitment website Monster asked 16,517 workers in 53 countries: 'Have you ever been bullied at work?' Internationally, 7 per cent said they had been 'deliberately physically hurt' and 36 per cent said 'I've been driven to tears'.

　　招聘网站Monster调查了世界范围内53个国家的16517名职员，向他们提出这一问题：“你曾经在工作中受过欺凌吗？”7%的人说他们曾受到过“恶意人身伤害”，36%的人说自己“曾经被弄哭”。http://www.24en.com爱思英语网

　　A further 21 per cent admitted it had 'affected my performance'. In total 64 per cent of workers worldwide have been bullied. A staggering 83 percent of continental European respondents claim to have been physically or emotionally bullied. This compares with 65 percent in the Americas and 55 percent in Asia.http://www.24en.com爱思英语网

　　还有21%的人承认职场欺凌已经“影响到自己的工作表现”。全世界范围内总共有64%的职工曾经被欺负过。在欧洲大陆的受访者中，有多达83%的人称自己曾受到过人身或情感上的欺凌。相比之下，有同样经历的美洲受访者为65%，亚洲受访者为55%。

　　Spanish workers are the most likely to be physically attacked and Dutch workers the most likely to cry. Belgium reported the lowest rates of bullying at 38 percent.http://www.24en.com爱思英语网

　　西班牙工人最容易受到人身攻击，荷兰工人最常被弄哭。比利时工人所报告的受欺凌的比例最低，为38%。

　　Charles Purdy, from Monster, said: 'The survey results point to bullying in the workplace being alarmingly widespread. It is certainly a problem that should be on employers' radar.

　　Monster网站的查尔斯珀迪说：“调查结果指出，职场欺凌广泛地存在，这让人触目惊心。这确实是雇主们应该警惕的一个问题。”

　　'A bullying situation can affect employee morale and that can have a huge impact on a company's bottom line.

　　“欺凌的存在会影响员工的士气，并会对公司的底线产生巨大的冲击。

　　'Happy employees are productive employees, but employees who can't collaborate effectively with their peers are easily wooed away by competitors.http://www.24en.com爱思英语网

　　“快乐的员工才会有较高的生产力，而无法和同事有效合作的员工很容易被竞争者挖走。

　　'There may be legal safeguards in place to protect employees from bullying behaviour.

　　“或许已有法律保护员工不受欺凌。

　　'It's up to companies to broadcast these safeguards to their staff and to make sure they are vigilant about watching for signs of bullying and about maintaining a safe workplace.'

　　“公司要负责的是将这些保障措施告知广大员工，并确保他们对欺凌现象和维护工作场所的安全性保持警觉。”

　　强势的员工更易获得加薪

　　一项新调查显示，迎合你的上司并不会为你赢得加薪，强势的谈判者才能得到他们想要的东西。研究人员发现赢得更高薪水最有效的策略是要坚定，"不接受否定的答复"。该研究认为，发起工资谈判并力争加薪的员工一般都会成功。

　　强势的员工更易获得加薪

　　Assertive workers 'most likely to win pay rises', scientists discover

　　Being nice to your boss won't get you a pay rise, according to a new study showing that only aggressive negotiators get what they want.

　　一项新调查显示，讨好你的上司并不会为你赢得加薪，强势的谈判者才能得到他们想要的东西。

　　Researchers found the most effective strategies for securing a bigger salary were to be assertive and "not take no for an answer". Workers who initiated pay negotiations and pursued a raise aggressively had the most success, the study found.

　　研究人员发现赢得更高薪水最有效的策略是要坚定，"不接受否定的'答复"。该研究认为，发起工资谈判并力争加薪的员工一般都会成功。

　　Employees who had "done their homework" in advance of negotiations also earned themselves more holidays and perks such as mobile phones and company cars.

　　那些在工资谈判之前做了"功课"的员工也能为自己赢得更多的假期，以及诸如手机和公车等福利。

　　But more risk-averse employees who compromised in the hope of not souring relationships fared the worst as they eventually caved to management wishes.

　　但是很多员工并不愿意冒险，他们唯恐因为谈工资而和上司闹僵，因此这些人在协商中往往表现最差，最后不得不屈从于主管的意愿。

　　Researchers from Temple University's Fox School of Business, Philadelphia and George Mason University, near Washington DC, discovered that workers who avoided salary discussions at appraisals or in interviews, almost never got a raise.

　　天普大学福克斯商学院和乔治梅森大学的研究人员发现，那些在考核和面谈中避开薪酬讨论的员工几乎从来不会获得加薪。天普大学位于美国费城，而乔治梅森大学位于华盛顿特区附近。

　　Their study, published in the Journal of Organizational Behavior, found those who actively sought out a rise earned an average $5000 (3,200) more every year than those who didn't.

　　研究认为，那些积极争取加薪的人会比其他人平均每年多赚至少5000美元（合3200英镑）。以上研究成果发表在《组织行为学杂志》上。

　　More "assertive" workers then ended up earning up to $600,000 (385,000) more over a 40-year career.

　　更"强势"的员工在40年的职业生涯中能多挣60万美元（合38.5万英镑）。

　　This was based on the assumption that workers were given annual pay rises of up to five per cent although the research did not explore career earnings.

　　这项研究是基于以下假设进行的：员工每年会有不超过5%的加薪。该研究并没有深入调查各种职业的收入。

　　They also found almost no difference between methods in male and female workers, suggesting that career-driven women were just as "competitive" during salary negotiations.

　　研究还发现，男性和女性员工在要求加薪的时候使用的方法基本相同，这说明了事业型女性在谈工资的时候和男性一样"强势"。

　　Prof Crystal Harold, from Temple University, said the study wanted to open up the "black box" of the negotiating process.

　　该研究的作者之一、天普大学的克里斯托哈罗德教授说该研究旨在揭开薪酬谈判的奥秘。

　　"Our results suggest (workers) who were more prepared for the negotiation process were able to use more assertive strategies," said Prof Harold, the study's co-author.

　　哈罗德教授说："我们的研究结果显示，对工资谈判准备越充分的员工越会使用一些更强势的策略。"

　　"By prepared, I mean those who learned more about the market value of their position, did their homework on the organisation and perhaps inquired about previous offers made about the organisation.

　　"在对薪酬谈判的准备上，我指的是这些人对自身职位的市场价值了解得更多，他们做足了'功课'，说不定还打听过该公司之前开出的薪酬。

　　"These individuals were empowered and were generally more assertive."

　　"这些人能控制局势，所以往往也更强势。"

　　She added: "Furthermore (workers) who use a more competitive strategy, such as not taking no for an answer, threatening to withdraw from the process if the offer was unacceptable, were most successful in raising their salary."

　　她接着说："还有，那些态度更强硬的员工往往能成功获得加薪，他们采取的策略包括不接受否定答复以及威胁说如果不同意加薪就会终止谈判。"

　　The researchers interviewed 149 newly hired workers from different industries, who were asked to fill out questionnaires asking them what they did to earn a pay rise.

　　研究人员采访了149个不同行业的新入职员工，他们在问卷中填写了他们为获得加薪所采取的行动。

　　瑞银发布着装规范 女员工要穿肉色内衣

　　据法新社报道，瑞士银行巨头瑞银集团近日发布了严格的雇员着装规范，要求女性穿肉色内衣，而且不要戴“花哨的彩色假指甲”。在这份长达40多页的着装规范中，瑞银集团详细规定了职员全身上下的着装要求，包括允许剪何种发型，裙装的款式，以及能穿什么样的袜子。内衣不能“从外面透出来，或者露出衣服”，“穿白衬衫时”，内衣应该是“肉色的”。

　　Swiss banking giant UBS has issued a strict dresscode for employees, calling on them to wear "skin-coloured" lingerie and to ditch "fancy and coloured" artificial fingernails.

　　In a document of over 40 pages, UBS underlined details from head to toe, including permissible hairstyles, what cut of skirt and which type of socks to wear.

　　Women should not wear "flashy" jewellery or skirts that are "too tight behind."

　　Underwear must not be "visible against clothing or spilling out of clothing." Rather, they should be "skin-coloured under white shirts."

　　Employees should ensure that natural roots are not showing if they have coloured their hair.

　　Men should wear a "straight-cut two button jacket and pants that make up part of a classic professional suit."

　　They should not wear ties that do not match the "morphology of the face" nor socks with cartoon motifs.

　　"The reputation of UBS makes up our most precious asset. Adopting an irreproachable behaviour implies having an impeccable presentation," said the bank, which has been trying to rebuild its reputation since suffering record losses during the financial crisis.

　　巴西法庭判决麦当劳向肥胖员工付赔偿金

　　据美联社报道，巴西一家法院上周做出判决，要求麦当劳必须赔偿其一家连锁店的前任经理1.75万美元，因为他在麦当劳工作的12年间体重增加了65镑。这位现年32岁的男子称，他每天被迫品尝食品以确保较高的质量标准，因为麦当劳雇佣了一些“神秘顾客”随机到访各店，并对食品、服务、清洁状况进行报告。他还表示，麦当劳为员工提供免费午餐，使他在工作期间热量摄入大增。他的身份并没有公开。

　　A Brazilian court ruled this week that McDonald's must pay a former franchise manager $17,500 because he gained 65 pounds (30 kilograms) while working there for a dozen years.

　　The 32-year-old man said he felt forced to sample the food each day to ensure quality standards remained high, because McDonald's hired "mystery clients" to randomly visit restaurants and report on the food, service and cleanliness.

　　The man also said the company offered free lunches to employees, adding to his caloric intake while on the job. His identity was not released.

　　The ruling was signed Tuesday by Judge Joao Ghisleni Filho in Porto Alegre.

　　Ghisleni said McDonald's could appeal the case, and the Brazilian headquarters of the chain said in an e-mailed statement Thursday it was weighing its legal options.

　　McDonald's also noted that it offers healthier food choices. 更多信息请访问：http://www.24en.com/

　　"The chain offers a large variety of options and balanced menus to cater (to) the daily dietary needs of its employees," the company said in the statement.

　　McDonald's headquarters is in Oak Brook, Illinois.