英语语法知识点归纳整理

黄飞老师

小学英语语法知识

1.人称代词

主格: I we you she he it they

宾格: me us you her him it them

形容词性物主代词:my our your her his its their

名词性物主代词: mine ours yours hers his its theirs

2.形容词和副词的比较

(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er

older ,taller, longer, stronger

(2) 多音节词前+more

more interesting, etc.

(3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er

bigger fatter, etc.

(4) 把y变i,再+er

heavier, earlier

(5) 不规则变化:

well-better, much/many-more, etc.

3.可数词的复数形式

Most nouns + s abook –books

Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories

Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches

Nouns ending in o+s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes

Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves

4.不可数名词(单复数不变)

bread, rice, water ,juice等。

5.缩略形式

I’m= I a, you’re = you are, she’s= she is, he’s = he is

it’s= it is, who’s =who is, can’t =can not, isn’t=is not等。

6.a/an

a book, a peach

an egg, an hour

7.Preposition

on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind.

表示时间: at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast

on Monday, on 15th July, On National Day

in the evening, in December, in winter

8.基数词和序数词

one – first, two-second,twenty-twentieth

9.some/any

I have some toys in my bedroom.

I don't have any toys in my bedroom.

Do you have any toys in your bedroom?

10.be动词

(1) Basic form: am/are/is

(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.

My eyes are(not) small.

My hair is(not) long.

(3)一般疑问句: Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.

Are they American? Yes, they are. No,they aren’t.

Is the cat fat? Yes,it is. No, it isn’t.

11.there be结构

肯定句:There is a …

Thereare …

一般疑问句: Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.

Arethere…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

否定句: There isn’t ….

Therearen’t….

12.祈使句

Sit down please

Don’tsit down, please.

初中英语语法常用大全

1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。

All is right.    (一切顺利。)

All are present.  (所有人都到齐了。)

2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。

His family isn't very large.  他家不是一个大家庭。

His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。

但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。

Are there any police around?

3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。

A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

A number of books have lent out.

The majority of the students like English.

初中英语语法大全:连词

连词的定义: 连词是连接字、短语、从句与句子的词,是虚词,因此它不能独立担任句子成分。连词主要分为两大类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、词组或分句。它包括:and,or,but,so,for,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also。 从属连词用来引导从句,它包括: that, when, till, until, after, before, since,because,if,whether,though,although,so…that,so that,in order that,as soon as 并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词,短语或句子。常见的并列连词有:

(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。

(2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。

(3)表转折关系的but, while等。

(4)表因果关系的for, so等。 1并列连词 1 and:和,并且 I like basketball, football and table-tennis. 我喜欢篮球、足球和乒乓球。

1.基本用法 and表示“和”、“而且”的意思,用来连接对等关系的字和字,片语与片语,句子与句子。 He got up and put on his hat. 他站起来,戴上了帽子。 I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park. 我去颐和园,他去北海公园。 注意 单词或词组如果是三个以上连接,一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。另外“and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出“和”来。

2.特别用法:and在祈使句中的作用 句型:祈使句, and…=If you…, you'll… Use your head,and you'll find a way. 动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。 =If you use your head,you'll find a way. 如果你动动脑子,你就会想出办法。 Hurry up,and you'll catch the bus. 快点,你就会赶上公共汽车。 =If you hurry up,you'll catch the bus. 如果你快点,你就会赶上公共汽车。

or:或,或者,否则 Is Li Ming from Beijing or from Shanghai. 李明是北京人还是上海人呢? 1.基本用法 or表示“~或”的意思,使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。 Would you like coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶? Tom or I am right.我或者汤姆是对的。 Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room. 李明或者是他的同班同学在打扫房间。 注意 “A or B”作主语时,谓语动词随or后面的词(B)而定,因此例子中的谓语动词服从I,用am。

特别用法 句型:祈使句, or…=If you don't…, you'll… 同and一样,or在祈使句中的用法,译成“请…,否则…”,有转折的意思。 Hurry up,or you'll miss the bus. 快点吧,否则你就会误了公共汽车。 =If you don't hurry up,you'll miss the bus. 如果你不快点,你就会误了这班车。 Study hard,or you'll fail in the exam. 好好学吧,否则你考试就会不及格。 =If you don't study hard,you'll fail in the exam. 如果你不努力学习,你考试就会不及格。 注意 or疑问句的读法or前面的部分用升调,后面的部分用降调。